Russia Recognizes Taliban: Implications for India's Stance

Russia's Recognition of the Taliban

Nearly four years after the Taliban took control of Kabul, Russia has become the first nation to officially recognize the Taliban government and establish full diplomatic relations. This significant move has drawn attention to how countries like India, China, Pakistan, and Iran, which have been engaging with the Taliban, will respond, as none have formally acknowledged the regime yet.

Afghanistan's Foreign Minister's Response

In response to Russia's decision, Afghan Foreign Minister Amir Khan Muttaqi expressed appreciation, stating, 'We commend this bold step taken by Russia, and with God's will, it will serve as an example for others.' This raises questions about India's position on the Taliban, the importance of Afghanistan to India, and whether India will also recognize the Taliban government.

India's Historical Context with the Taliban

Following the Taliban's takeover in 1996, India closed its embassy in Kabul, refusing to recognize the group, which it associated with Pakistan's intelligence agencies. After the Taliban was ousted in 2001, India reopened its embassy, but it faced ongoing threats from Taliban-affiliated groups, which targeted Indian consulates with attacks.

As time passed and U.S. forces withdrew, the Taliban regained control of Kabul in 2021. In the aftermath, Pakistan and China began to strengthen ties with the Taliban, prompting India to reassess its approach. The Indian embassy, which had been temporarily closed, was reopened, and a delegation was sent to Doha for discussions with Taliban officials. This engagement was crucial due to India's significant investments in Afghanistan and the need to counter Pakistan and China's regional influence.

Recent Diplomatic Engagements

In January 2025, Indian Foreign Secretary Vikram Misri met with Afghan Foreign Minister Amir Muttaqi in Dubai, followed by a phone conversation between Indian External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar and Muttaqi in May, marking India's first publicly acknowledged dialogue with the Taliban.

Despite the Taliban's return to power, India has continued to provide humanitarian assistance to Afghanistan and has not publicly criticized the Taliban on international platforms, unlike many Western nations. This raises the question of why India is delaying formal recognition.

Reasons for Delay in Recognition

India is exercising diplomatic caution and adhering to a 'wait and watch' policy regarding the Taliban. While maintaining limited diplomatic contacts, such as meetings in Doha and Dubai, India is not rushing into formal recognition.

This cautious approach reflects India's desire to assess the stability of the Taliban regime, their adherence to commitments (like countering terrorism and forming an inclusive government), and the global community's stance.

Strengthening Ties with the Taliban

Afghanistan holds significant importance for India, and historically, the two nations have enjoyed good relations. Through effective diplomacy, India has managed to maintain close ties with the Taliban without formal recognition.

India continues to provide humanitarian aid to Afghanistan, supports Afghan trade through Iran's Chabahar port, and engages in diplomatic meetings with Taliban representatives. The timeline for when India might formally recognize the Taliban remains uncertain, as it could impact India's relations with Western countries. However, it is evident that India is working to strengthen its relationship with the Taliban.